Improvement in carbonic-acid-gas generators



' A. KAYSER.

CARBO-NIG ACID GAS GENERATOR.

No.18 ,Q8 Patented Jan.9, 1877.

Fi i.

f2 J J3 3 Z il W I \I UNITED STATES PATEELQEEIQn ADOLPH KAYSEBJ, OF BUFFALO, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO PASCAL P. PRATT,

OF SAME PLACE.

IMPROVEMENT IN CARBONlC-AClD-GAS GENERATORS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 186,089, dated January 9, 1877; application filed March 29, 1876.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ADOLPH KAYSER, of the city of Buffalo, in the county of Erie and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Apparatus for Generating Carbonic-Acid Gas, which improvements are fully set forth in the following specification, reference being had to the ac companying drawing.

My invention relates to an apparatus designed to generate carbonic-acid gas automatically, and in which portions of the acid are alternately permitted to mix with the alkali so lution, and are prevented from mixing therewith automatically, as the variations of pressure render necessary.

My invention consists of the particular c011- struction of the automatic controlling device, as will be hereinafter fully set forth.

In the accompanying drawing, Figure l is a vertical section of my improved apparatus. Fig. 2 is a top plan view thereof. Fig. 3 is a detached sectional view, on an enlarged scale, of a portion of the valve-rod and cover of the apparatus.

Like letters of reference refer to like parts in each of the figures.

A represents the cylindrical body of the apparatus, constructed of wrought or cast iron, or any other suitable metal, and B the cover or top plate closing the upper end of the cylinder A. O is the acid-receptacle, constructed of sheet-lead, and secured to the under side of the cover B, so as to depend therefrom. dis the bottom of the acid-receptacle, composed of lead, glass, or other suitable material, and provided with a central opening, through which the acid is discharged. crepresents the valve for regulating the discharge of the acid through this opening. It is secured to the lower end of the stem or rod f, so as to bear against the under side of the bottom d of the acid-reservoir, as clearly shown. The valve-stem f passes through an opening in the cover B, and is provided above the latter with a knob or disk, for conveniently operating it. y is a spiral spring, interposed between the knob f l and the cover B of the apparatus, so as to hold the valve 0 tightly against its seat. The stem f is guided in the coverB by two glands or sleeves, H H, screwed into the cover B from opposite sides, and pro vided with an interposed packing, h. The lower sleeve H is constructed with an extension, 41, to which is secured the upper end of a short tube or sleeve, k, of rubber orother elastic material, while the lower end of the tube It is secured to the valve-stem f. As shown in the drawing, the extension 1' and stem f are each provided with an annular groove, over which the ends of the rubber tube k are secured by winding wires around them, as clearly represented in Fig. 4. The pliability of the tube It permits the valve -stem, which fits loosely in the glands H H, to be raised and lowered with great ease, while it forms a gastight connection between the two parts. jrepresents an opening formed in the cover B, for introducing the acid into the receptacle 0. The openingj is closed by a screw-plug, as shown in Fig. l, or in any other suitable manner. M represents a cylinder of cast or wroughtiron, or similar material, inclosing the lead cylinder U, so as to prevent the same from being bent or otherwise displaced or injured in shipping the apparatus. m represents openings formed in the upper part of the acid-reservoir O, and inclosing cylinder M, so as to admit the gas into the reservoir 0, thereby equalizing the pressure within and without the same, and permitting the free escape of the acid when the valve is opened. n represents a perforated plate or diaphragm, arranged above the bottom of the cylinder A, so as to form a shallow chamber between them. n is a pipe securedto the underside ofthe bottom at of the acid-receptacle. It penetrates the perforated plate 10, and terminates at a short distance above the bottom of the cylinder A, as clearly shown in Fig. 1. l is an opening formed in the cover B for introducing the alkali in the cylinder A. It is closed by a suitable plate, held in place by a bail and set-screw, in a common manner.

0 represents the gas-escape aperture, through which the gas is taken from the apparatus under the full pressure. It is provided with a suitable faucet or valve for opening and closing it.

19 represents the second gas-escape aperture, also provided with a stop cook or valve, 10', and leading to the automatic pressure-valve P, by which the gas-pressure is reduced to a point at which it can' be safely admitted to casks containing malt-liquors, and similar liquid, without danger of causing them to leak or interfering with the drawing 011' of the liquid.

In charging the apparatus the cylinder A is filled with water to within a short distance from the bottom of the acid-vessel, as represented in Fig. 1. A quantity of alkali, preferably bicarbonate of soda, suitable to the size of the apparatus, is then introduced through the opening 1. A small portion of the alkali is dissolved by the water, while the greater portion thereof descends and settles upon the perforated plate a, or, passing through the openings thereof, lodges on the bottom of the cylinder. A proportionate quantity of sulphuric acid is then introduced into the receptacle 0, through the opening j, when both openings are securely closed. By pressing upon the knob f the valve 0 is opened, when the acid escapes, and is conducted by the tube n directly to the space between the perforated plate n and the bottom of the cylinder A, where it comes in contact with the alkali and generates carbonic-acid gas. The gas so generated on the bottom of the, apparatus rises through the snperincumbent body of water charged with alkali, whereby it is thoroughly purified, and accumulates in the upper portion of the cylinder A. The layer of alkali on the perforated plate n assists in preventing any of the sulphuric acid from being carried up by the gas into the washing-water, and insures the production of perfectly pure carbonicacid gas.

When the desired quantity of sulphuric acid has been admitted to the vessel A, the knob f is released, when the valve 0 is closed by the spring g, and the generation of gas arrested. The stem f is pressed outward orupward by the gas-pressure acting upon the area of its cross-section, so that, by placing a weight, f, upon the knob f sufficient to counterbalance the desired gas-pressure, the action of the valve 0 is rendered automatic.

When the gas-pressure sinks below the point at which it balances the weighted valve, the latter is opened and sulphuric acid discharged until, by the generation of gas, sufficient pressure is produced toagain close the valve.

The gas generated directly underneath the tube n accumulates in the upper portion thereof, and displaces the alkali solution con tained therein, so that the tube a is filled for the greater part of its height with gas only. By this means the acid discharged from the vessel 0 is enabled to reach the undissolved alkali on the bottom of the apparatus quicker and in a less diluted :state than when it is allowed to descend through the entire body of alkali solution, thereby making the generation of the gas instantaneous or immediately following the opening of the valve e, and the automatic operation of the apparatus very reliable and uniform. The valve 0 and stem f are preferably constructed of steel and coated with lead to prevent their corrosion by the sulphuric acid.

Having thus fully described my invention, what 1 claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

The combination, with the generating-vessel A B, and acid-reservoir O, of the valve and stem cf, spring gtending to close the valve, and weight or weights f tending to open the valve, all arranged substantially as and for the purpose hereinhefore set forth.

A. KAYSER.

Witnesses:

EDWARD WILHELM, CHARLES J. Bnommrr. 

